The potential hazards of shipping and use of hot bitumen are: :
The hottest bitterness is skin with the highest risk of bitumen. In the very long period of use of bitumen, there is no report that there is a risk of bitumen on the skin in bitumen. In the case of soluble bitumens and leachates, due to their lower temperature, the possibility of contact with the skin is more likely to be avoided. In contact with soluble bitumen, there is a possibility of penetration of solvent into the body through the skin of the skin. The presence of solvent in the body has carcinogenic effects. Contact with liquids stimulates the skin and the eyes, and in some people it causes sensitivity .
Initial Assistance: In the event of burns, the burner location should be rapidly cooled. For this purpose the skin of the burn area should be kept for 10 minutes under cold water. For eyes, leave at least 5 minutes in cold water for 5 minutes. In all cases, you should refrain from cooling your body. Avoid removing bitumen from the skin .
Medical care: The bitumen tightly attaches to the skin and should only be removed from the skin in a well-equipped clinic. The coated bitumen forms a sterile and waterproof layer on the burn area and prevents drying. Separating bitumen from the skin damages the skin and causes it to dry, and in the event of a second degree burn, it causes infection. In the case of grade 2 burns, the layers of the bitumen should be left over and covered with paraffinic ointment such as flamazine (silver sulfadiazine). This method soften bitumen and after a day the bitumen layer is detached. In this case, the skin does not change and is restored. The bitumen is gradually separated. In case of grade 3 burn, depending on depth and position, surgery should be removed. In this situation, bitumen should be removed in the operating room for 5 days after burn. Under these conditions, no infection will occur .
If the burn causes bleeding, the bitumen after the cooling down prevents hemorrhage and acts like a bandage. In this case, the cooled bitumen should be soft and separate to prevent blockage of blood flow. In case of contact with hot bitumen, only one specialist should examine the patient's condition and take the necessary action. .
The burning risks of hot bitumen are as follows. When hot bitumen is mixed with each other, smoke is released. This smoke contains bituminous particles, steam hydrocarbons and a small amount H2S They are. Permissible smoke limit for long term ( Average 8 hours ) mg / m35 And short term ( 10 minute ) mg / m310 is. Under normal operating conditions, exposure to these materials is below these limits .
Exposure limit allowed H2S in long term ( 8 the watch ) ppm10 Or mg / m314 And in the short term ( 10 minute ) ppm15 The equivalent mg / m321 is .
Exposure to smoke of bitumen causes eye irritation, nose and respiratory problems, headaches and nausea. These effects are transient and quickly resolved. Although these small irritations, the exposure to bitumen smoke should be minimized. For first aid, it should be promptly brought to the newly arrived airman. If a person does not improve promptly, you should go to a doctor. Studies show that in spite of the presence of aromatic compounds in asphalt workers, asphalt plants exposed to bitumen smoke have no health problems. .
In the end, all those who work with bitumen always include the necessary personal safety equipment and provide the necessary training in the field of personal hygiene, firefighting of bitumen and how to remove bitumen from the body of nature.